a) PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

                   a_____2a______a_____a      (mol)

                \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

                    b_____3b_______b_____\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)b         (mol)

Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=36,1\\a+\dfrac{3}{2}b=\dfrac{21,28}{22,4}=0,95\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,5\\b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,5\cdot56=28\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=8,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b+c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=2a+3b=1,9\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,9}{0,2}=9,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 4:

a) nH2= 6,72/22,4= 0,3(mol)
Đặt:nMg= x(mol); nZn=y(mol) (x,y>0)

PTHH: Mg + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

x_______2x________x_____x(mol)

Zn + 2 HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2

y____2y____y________y(mol)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+65y=15,4\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

mMg=0,1.24=2,4(g)

=>%mMg = (2,4/15,4).100=15,584%

=>%mZn= 84,416%

b) nHCl(tổng)= 0,6(mol)

=> VddHCl=0,6/1=0,6(l)

Chúc em học tốt!

\(Đặt:\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(m_{hh}=24x+56y=13.6\left(g\right)\\ n_{H_2}=x+y=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0.1\\y=0.2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%Mg=\dfrac{0.1\cdot24}{13.6}\cdot100\%=17.64\%\\ \%Fe=100-17.64=82.36\%\)

\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=2\cdot0.3=0.6\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0.6}{2}=0.3\left(l\right)\)

\(m_Y=m_{MgCl_2}+m_{FeCl_2}=0.1\cdot95+0.2\cdot127=34.9\left(g\right)\)

a) \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(Đặt:n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Theo đề ta có hệ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=24,2\\x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> x=0,2 ; y=0,2

\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{24,2}.100=53,72\%;\%m_{Fe}=46,28\%\)

b)Bảo toàn nguyên tố H: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,8}{2,5}=0,32\left(l\right)\)

c) \(n_{FeCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{ZnCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(CM_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,32}=0,625\left(mol\right)\)

\(CM_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,32}=0,625\left(mol\right)\)

a) 

Gọi số mol CuO, Fe₂O₃ là a, b (mol)

=> 80a + 160b = 40 (1)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CuO + H₂ --t^o--> Cu + H₂O

               a--->a--------->a

            Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂ --t^o--> 2Fe + 3H₂O

               b----->3b---------->2b

=> a + 3b = 0,6 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,3 (mol);b = 0,1 (mol)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,3.80}{40}.100\%=60\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,1.160}{40}.100\%=40\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) n_Fe = 2b = 0,2 (mol)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

           0,2------------------->0,2

=> V_H2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)

giúp mình câu b với ạ mik cảm ơn :))

a) PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

                   x_____2x_____________x                    (mol)

               \(Al_2\left(CO_3\right)_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O+3CO_2\uparrow\)

                              y_____6y______________________3y             (mol)

Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+234y=29\\x+3y=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=56\cdot0,1=5,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2\left(CO_3\right)_3}=23,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}+6n_{Al_2\left(CO_3\right)_3}=0,8\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,8}{2}=0,4\left(l\right)=400\left(ml\right)\)

c) Kết tủa sau phản ứng không có Al(OH)₃

Bảo toàn Sắt: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=0,05\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,05\cdot160=8\left(g\right)\)

n_H2 = \(\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl₂ + H₂

0,15    0,3           0,15     0,15

m_Fe = 0,15.56 = 8,4 (g)

m_Fe2O3 = 24,4 - 8,4 = 16 (g)

n_Fe2O3 = \(\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

%m_Fe = \(\dfrac{8,4}{24,4}=34,42\%\)

%m_Fe2O3 = \(100\%-34,42\%=65,58\%\)

Fe₂O₃ + 6HCl ---> 2FeCl₃ + 3H₂O

0,1            0,6          0,2           0,3

n_{HCl (ban đầu)} = 0,8.1,5 = 1,2 (mol)

n_{HCl (dư)} = 1,2 - 0,3 - 0,6 = 0,3 (mol)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{MFeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2+0,15}{0,8}=0,4375M\\C_{MHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,8}=0,375M\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH: 

FeCl₃ + 3NaOH ---> Fe(OH)₃ + 3NaCl

0,35        1,05

HCl + NaOH ---> NaCl + H₂O

0,3       0,3

=> \(V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{1,05+0,3}{1}=1,35\left(l\right)=1350\left(ml\right)\)